Friday 11 December 2015

Distribution - What is it?

Distribution
  • Distribution is the third part of the supply chain 
  • Distribution is often refereed to as the 'invisible art' 
  • When discussing distribution, 'vertical integration' describes the three stages being seen as part of the same larger process, under the control of one company.
  • Vertical integration is not so common in the independent sector. This is because producers tend not to have long term economic links with distributors, who likewise have no formal connections with exhibitors.
  • The independent sector has three stages - licensing, marketing and logistics.
Licensing 
  • Licensing referrs to the process by which a distributor aquires a legal right to exploit a film.
  • There are two levels of licensing - International and local distribution
  • Major US studios often have their own distribution offices. This comes as an advantage. 
  • The three different types of rights you can acquire on a local level - theatrical, video, TV
  • Royalties are when a film producer gains payment from film profit by the distributor
  • Theatrical (cinema) openings are seen as the most effective way to increase interest in a film
  • Two years after opening in cinemas, a film will reach 'free to air' 
Marketing 
  • The two key questions surrounding the marketing of a film - when? and how?
  • Typically, films are released on a Friday
  • Before releasing a film on a Friday, a distributor will look at scheduling a release for the seasonality of the film 
  • In terms of distribution, a 'light week' describes when there is both screen space and adequate review columns in the press
  • When a film is positioned distinctively, it means it avoids a release date occupied with other films with similar traits
  • This has become increasingly difficult in the UK because the release schedule has regularly featured over 10 releases in a week. 
  • P&A describes the costs of theatrical distribution met by local distributors (prints and advertising) 
  • P&A can range from costing less than £1000 up to over £1 million 
Marketing - Prints and Adverts 
  • Typically, a specialized film will have fewer than 10 prints
  • Mainstream films will often have over 200 prints
  • A key factor in developing the profile of a film - favorable press response
  • Awareness of a film can also be raised by advertising in magazines local or national newspaper
  • Distribution in the UK is seen as risky because the cost of print advertising is comparably high 
  • Companies are looking towards viral marketing to extend the reach of advertising and develop more effective communication with audiences at lower costs 
  • A 'Talent visit' to create word of mouth and advance buzz around a film 
Logistics
  • In the pre digital film age, a distributor was responsible for screening the film on certain 'play dates' and to arrange the transportation of a film to the cinema
  • Typically, a 35mm print will cost £1000
  • A typical feature print has 5 or 6 reels.
  • 35mm prints get dammaged because they weigh 20-25 kg.
  • prints are stored in a single hard case
  • Theatrical release used to last around 6 months 
Digital Distribution
  • Digital distribution began in the UK 
  • The two advantages of digital distribution - 
  • countries that adopted digital distribution early - 
  • there were 211 screens that were digital in 2005 and 2K now
  • digital distribution has radically altered the opening model of distributors 
  • the typical release period for a dilm
  • a loss leader is where a film is sold at below cost price and companies using cinema











Friday 4 December 2015

What significance does the continuing development of digital media technology have for media institutions and audiences?

What significance does the continuing development of digital media technology have for media institutions and audiences?


distribution 
marketing

It may be argued, by a main stream audience,that the continuing development of digital media technology carries great significance in improving the quality of viewing and experience for an audience. (mainstream audience) In my opinion, the continuing development has little impact on my viewing experience,however it has had great impact on my ability to access films online or through iphone making them more appealing as i can watch from the comfort of my home. This is an example of media convergence. It may also be considered that the development of digital media has caused negative impact for media institutions and audiences. Film Buffs and aficionados may argue that the development of digital media technology has made all action and sci-fi films so similar that they are now only watched by mainstream audiences.  

Production practices have progressed due to the continuing development of digital media technology. The use of advanced media technology including computer controlled camera movements have made it easier for film producers to capture more action scenes that appear more intense. Mad Max: Fury Road examples the use of this. An 'edge arm' placed on top of a moving vehicle was used to capture fast paced action scenes with clever camera shots and angles. Mad Max: Fury Road was filmed using six ARRI Alexas supported by eleven Codex onboard recorders and a number of Cannon 5Ds. These new digital cameras have improved quality of picture for the audience and allowed director, George Miller, to use Eye Trace and Crosshair framing techniques to keep important visual information in one spot. However, the use of these new digital cameras and devices hasn't come easy to all film production teams. Mad Max: Fury Road was filmed in the coastal deserts of Namibia meaning frequent sandstorms and intense heat required special precautions by the camera crew. In an interview for Codex Digital, Cinematographer John Seale commented, ''I’d shot plenty of film-negative films in deserts and jungles under severe conditions, but never digital so I was a bit worried.'' Similarly, some directors prefer to use traditional celluloid cameras rather than digital. It may be considered that this occurs more commonly among British directors as stereotypically, the British favour tradition. This may then infer that the British film industry is so much smaller than the American industry because advanced media technology has allowed the American film industry to please a wider audience.    


Similarly, the ongoing advance of digital media for post production practices has benefited media institutions and audiences. Well established editing software's have allowed film editors to create faster paced, more 'realistic' continuity action. Mad Max: Fury Road, edited by Margret Sixel, consisted of 120 minutes showing 2700 individual shots. Thats 2700 consecutive decisions that must flow smoothly and immerse the viewer to reveal the story line in a clear concise manner. Mad Max features extensive action scenes including one battle scene in which character Nux practices a suicide jump from one vehicle to another blowing it up. Obviously during the film production no actors could be blown up or injured so clever continuity editing had to be used to create the illusion of this really happening. With the power of foremost editing programmes, Sixel could amplify and accelerate scenes like this to create an overall more intense experience for the viewer. Whilst this is considered a large advantage to media institutions, some media audiences for example film buffs or aficionados may feel that it is this editing that is creating identical films that show only explosions and large battle scenes therefore choose to watch films that avoid this. For example Ex Machina, edited by Mark Dey, uses a more simplistic editing technique. 

Furthermore, Distribution has been impacted by the development of digital media technology. The development of digital media technology has allowed for easier access and a wider range of digital distribution platforms for example, Netflix, itunes and YouTube. Smart phones, tablets and easy internet access support that media audiences can watch films anywhere at any time through these distribution methods. Most media audiences have benefitted from the development of digital distribution. It has allowed mainstream audiences to view films from the comfort of their own homes and it has allowed 

distribution
institutions - more competition, harder for indie films 
audiences - easier to access,  








The final edit ran 120 minutes and consisted of 2700 individual shots. That’s 2700 consecutive decisions that must flow smoothly and immerse the viewer. 2700 decisions that must guide and reveal the story in a clear and concise manner - See more at: http://vashivisuals.com/the-editing-of-mad-max-fury-road/#sthash.22KAM3J4.dpuf
The final edit ran 120 minutes and consisted of 2700 individual shots. That’s 2700 consecutive decisions that must flow smoothly and immerse the viewer. 2700 decisions that must guide and reveal the story in a clear and concise manner - See more at: http://vashivisuals.com/the-editing-of-mad-max-fury-road/#sthash.22KAM3J4.dpuf


The final edit ran 120 minutes and consisted of 2700 individual shots. That’s 2700 consecutive decisions that must flow smoothly and immerse the viewer. 2700 decisions that must guide and reveal the story in a clear and concise manner - See more at: http://vashivisuals.com/the-editing-of-mad-max-fury-road/#sthash.22KAM3J4.dpuf

The final edit ran 120 minutes and consisted of 2700 individual shots. That’s 2700 consecutive decisions that must flow smoothly and immerse the viewer. 2700 decisions that must guide and reveal the story in a clear and concise manner - See more at: http://vashivisuals.com/the-editing-of-mad-max-fury-road/#sthash.22KAM3J4.dpuf
The final edit ran 120 minutes and consisted of 2700 individual shots. That’s 2700 consecutive decisions that must flow smoothly and immerse the viewer. 2700 decisions that must guide and reveal the story in a clear and concise manner - See more at: http://vashivisuals.com/the-editing-of-mad-max-fury-road/#sthash.22KAM3J4.dpuf

Thursday 3 December 2015

June 2010 past essay question

What significance does the continuing development of digital media technology have for media institutions and audiences

Topic: Institution & audience
Aspect: Digital media computers, cameras CGI, Social media, youtube, netflix
Viewpoint: continuing development
Instruction: what significance 

  • includes development of new technology, such as cameras and viral marketing 
  • big 6 companies can afford to use it 

Production
  • Imax cinemas are special as they can project a larger much higher resolution image onto the cinema screen than in usual cinema and because of this increases the viewing quality for the film fan
  • there are now around 700 Imax theatres in 52 different countries around the world


Post production 
  • quality of special effects has allowed for a better quality experience 

distribution
  •  in recent years companies have been introducing an online streaming platform, which gives the viewer the option to purchase the movie and stream or download that film directly to their computer at home

marketing 




There are now around 700 IMAX theatres in 52 different countries around the world.

Tuesday 1 December 2015

Topic, Aspect Viewpoint, Instruction - Past Essay Questions

January 2010 Question

Media production is dominated by global institutions, which sell their products and services to national audiences.'' To what extent do you agree with this statement?

Topic
Aspect
viewpoint 
instruction

June 2010 Question

What significance does the continuing development of digital media technology have for media institutions and audiences? 

Topic
Media institutions and audiences 
Aspect
Computers - technology, editing - Mad Max, CGI - Ex Machina, Marketing - youtube, Netflix - Illegal download, social media
Viewpoint
continuing development 
Instruction 
What significance 

Monday 30 November 2015

Essay Improvements

''successful media products depend as much upon marketing and distribution to a specific audience as they do upon good production practices.''

To what extent do you agree with this statement? 

It may be argued that successful media products depend as much upon marketing and distribution to a specific audience as they do upon good production practices. In my opinion, successful media products (success defined by the amount profit made from a film and awards it is nominated for or wins.) are exceptionally reliant upon marketing and distribution to a specific target audience as this provides a film with the profit however, it is good production practices that will gain a film awards. I believe that the success of a film closely depends on the distribution to its specifically targeted audience. Generally, Four Quadrant films are amoungst the most successful as they appeal to a wider audience. The films Ex-Machina and Mad Max: Fury Road provide us with examples of how marketing, distribution and production practices impact the success of a film. Both films may be regarded as successful to a certain extent. Ex Machina took $37 million at the box office and won 2 out of 9 awards it was nominated for including the jury prize at Geradmer Film festival (2015) whilst Mad Max: Fury Road made $374.7 million at the box office and won 3 out of 17 awards nominated for including production designer of the year at the Hollywood film awards. (2015) 

It can be considered that the success of a film firmly leans on its good production practices. Good production creates and overall enjoyable experience for the consumers. If the audience have an enjoyable experience they are more likely to want to share the experience with family and friends. This then gains a larger audience for the film generating more profit therefore becoming more successful. success may also come from production practices as extensive and impressive production will increase a films chances of winning or being nominated for awards as people may enjoy the film more and find the experience of watching more intense.

Mad Max: Fury road provides us with an example of a film that spent large amounts of money and effort into creating good production practices. Mad Max: Fury Road cost $150 million to make. within this large budget, Mad Max bought; an accredited production team, actors and  impressive on screen explosions. All of which created an intense and enjoyable experience for the audience. Mad Max: Fury road was directed by successful director, George Miller who also worked on films 'Happy Feet' and 'Babe' and won 16 awards including Best animated feature of the year for Happy feet at the 2007 Oscars. Mad Max: Fury Road featured accredited Hollywood actors including Tom Hardy (also featured in Legend, Inception, this means war) and Charlize Theron. (also featured in Dark Places, Young Adult and the Devils advocate) Together, these well known faces generated more popularity for the film again expanding the audience. Mad Max's good production practices also included large on screen explosions. In one scene a large 'tanker' was blown up by driving three tank vehicles by remote control then using immense explosions to literally blow it up. This created extensive visual effects for the audience that looked realistic making the experience even more intense.

The film Ex- Machina provides us with an example of a film that spent less money and time on creating good production practices. Ex- Machina cost $15 million to make. This smaller budget than Mad Max: Fury road allowed Ex- Machina producers to employ unaccredited actors, a less known director and more simple effects.Ex- Machina was directed by Alex Garland whom is also known for his work on 'Dredd', 'Never let me go' and '28 days later.' Garland has been nominated for 13 awards for his work including best screenplay at the Fangoria Chainsaw awards. Ex- Machina features unaccredited actors Alicia Vikander (plays Ava) and Domhnall Gleeson (plays Caleb) The two actors were not as popular as those in Mad Max: Fury Road however the pair are set to star in the new 'Hunger Games' movie. Ex-Machina used considerably less visual effects than Mad Mad: Fury road. One of the few effects that Ex- Machina used was Ava's robotic body. In scenes of the film, her limbs appear translucent. This was done by shooting each scene twice. First, the scene would be shot with all actors including Alica. Then, the actors were asked to step out of the scene and the camera team recorded the same shots so that the background could be shot. After that, during post-production, Parts of Ava were edited out so that the background could be seen. This was the least time consuming and inexpensive way that the look of Ava could be created.

Both films had different budgets which allowed them to create films with production practices of different standards. It may be argued that the success of a film firmly leans on its good production practices to create an overall enjoyable experience for the audience. Most production practices that are 'good' and create a more intense or entertaining experience for a specifically targeted audience will cost considerable amounts of money. For the film to be considered 'good' by the specifically targeted audience, it should contain production practices that appeal to them. For example, in Mad Max: Fury Road, accredited actor, Tom Hardy plays a main character. Tom Hardy would appeal to the specifically targeted audience. Mad Max is an action film; Tom Hardy has played roles in films with similar genre including 'Legend' and 'The Dark Knight Rises'  making him appeal to the audience of Mad Max; Fury Road. Whereas, Ex- Machina features an unaccredited actor to play a main role Alicia Vikander also in 'A Royal Affiar' and 'A testament of youth' which are not Sci-Fi films meaning there is not the same appeal from the specifically targeted audience. However, these good production practices cost large amounts of money. This may explain why Mad Max: Fury Road was more successful than Ex- Machina because Mad Max had a larger budget to spend on production practices.

Ex- Machina's success may also be explained due to its production practices appealing to a very specific and smaller audience than Mad Max: Fury Road. Generally, four quadrant films are most successful as they appeal to a wider audience meaning more people will watch it so it has more chance of winning awards and generating money at the box office. Ex-Machina is a Sci-fi film that appeals to 'film buffs' which is a smaller audience than Mad Max's more family audience. This may determine the success of a film and is also part of the production practices. Ex- Machina contains contents that may not be enjoyed when viewing by all audiences. For example, one scene in Ex- Machina features a room full of naked AI models on display. Some viewers may find this uncomfortable to watch and think it slightly strange. This makes the audience for Ex- Machina smaller.

It may also be argued that the success of a film closely depends on its distribution to a specifically targeted audience. Both Ex-Machina and Mad Max: Fury Road were distributed in different ways to different specific audiences. Ex- Machina's success may have been dependent on its well judged release pattern. The film was released at a similar time to Superhero film, 'The Avengers'. It was predicted that the Avengers film would be highly successful so, Ex- Machina producers decided to attempt to 'piggy back' the Avengers film. Ex- Machina was first released on January 21st 2015 distributed by 'Universal Pictures' The film was shown only on 4 screens to begin with which was then increased to 1200 screens. Mad Max: Fury Road was distributed differently to Ex- Machina. Mad Max was first screened in the UK on 14th May 2015. Mad Max was shown on a vast amount of screens from the beginning of the release,1200 screens.

Both films were distributed differently and both grossed different profits taking different amounts of money at the box office, (Defined by success) Ex- Machina had a budget of $15 million and grossed over $36 million making 240% profit. Mad Max: Fury Road grossed $374 million world wide against a budget of $150 million making almost 250% profit. Both films shared similar profit percentages however, the actual amounts of money they made were very different. This may be because Ex-Machina had a smaller audience than Mad Max: Fury Road meaning it was distributed to less screens therefore had less chance to make as much money at the box office. This suggests that distribution does depend on a films success however not so much as production practices as it is the content of the film that impacts the scale of its distribution.

Effective marketing similarly corresponds with the success of a film. In order for a film to be successful, it needs to have been watched by many people whom must know about the film to want to watch it. This is where marketing comes in. Successful Marketing will support a film with a wide audience of viewers. The films Ex- Machina and Mad Max: Fury Road were both marketed very differently due to Ex- Machina having a limited budget and Mad Max having a larger budget. Ex- Machina did not have a lot to spend on marketing so, their small marketing team used cheaper alternatives including social media. Ex- Machina was marketed primarily on the dating app, 'Tinder'. This clever marketing campaign allowed the film to be targeted at a specific audience. The marketing team saw an opportunity to target an audience they believed would enjoy Ex- Machina through the app by setting up a false account named 'Ava' and allowing people to speak to her like they would anyone else through the app chat room. This then directed the target audience to the official Instagram page set up for advertising the film. The kind of people who would enjoy Ex- Machina may also have been found at the South by Southwest festival at which the film advertised at by screening at the festival.

Mad Max: Fury Road was marketed differently to Ex- Machina. Mad Max's budget was excessively larger meaning more money could be spent on ensuring a wide audience could be targeted. Mad Max spent $1 million on advertising including posters and billboards and spend $7 million on television marketing.


talk about how the release of a film becomes an event 






Thursday 26 November 2015

Representation of Class and Status

Upper Class

Downton Abbey: Lady Mary Crawley








Gossip Girl: Lily Van Der Woodsen













Desperate Housewives: Bree VanderKamp













Middle Class

Skins: Tony's Dad

Sunday 22 November 2015

Representation of Ethnicity - Essay

Camera movement

  • the camera appears to be shaky - point of view shot - gives impression of hand held camera :- gives impression that viewer is there in the scene making it more tense building suspension
Camera Angles
  • High angle used for white male character - he is more significant than the black male character - stereotypical 
  • low angle for black male character 
Camera Shots
  • close up - show facial expression - black male character appears to be fearful yet attempts to compose himself - white male character appears angry and dominant
  • medium shot is used to show the scene as a whole - the black character is on the floor the white character is not 

Editing
  • continuity editing - creates illusion of continuous action - realism
  • Straight cut
  • short shot duration conveys urgency and action 


Thursday 19 November 2015

Why do we need a british film industry?

Main British production companies
Film 4
12 years a slave
Ex Machina
Slumdog Millionaire
Four weddings and a funeral

Momentum Pictures
The woman in black
Sinister
The babymaker
Chalet girl

Pathe
chicken run
LOL
James and the giant peach
The descent

Working title
Drop dead Fred
Love actually
Bridget Jones Diary
Nanny Mcphee and the Big bang

Film Network
Saving Mr banks
Man on wire
Conspiracy
The boy in the striped Pajamas


Ex Machina score for culture



Film set in the UK or EEA
Film was set in UK
4/4
Lead characters British or EEA residents
Ava, Caleb and Nathan are British however Lily is not
4/4
Film based on British or EEA subject matter
Based on the Turing test. (a test for intelligence in a computer, requiring that a human being should be unable to distinguish the machine from another human being by using the replies to questions put to both.)
4/4
Original Dialogue recorded mainly in English
Original dialogue was recorded in English
6/6
Demonstrates British heritage & diversity
Film demonstrates British heritage – Turing test
4/4
50% of principal photography/SFX in UK
Principal photography was in Norway’s Valldall Valley. Little filming took place in the UK however Caleb’s workplace was filmed in London
0/2
50% of VFX in UK
done in England - special effects
2/2
Music/Recording production
Recording production mostly took part in Norway where the film was shot
0/2
Director is a UK citizen or EEA resident
Alex Garland – English director and scriptwriter
1/1
Scriptwriter is a UK citizen or EEA resident
Alex Garland – English director and scriptwriter
1/1
Producer is a UK citizen or EEA resident
Eli Bush – American television and film producer
1/1
Composer is a UK citizen or EEA resident
Ben Sailsbury & Geoff Barrow – English music composers
1/1
Lead actors are UK citizens or EEA residents
Domnhall Gleeson (irish actor), Alicia Vikander (sweedish actor), Oscar Isaac (American actor)
1/1
Majority of cast UK citizens or EEA residents
Alicia Vikander, Oscar Isaac, Domnhall Gleeson, Sonoya Mizuno, Corey Jonhson, Tiffany Pisani, Elina Alminas, Claire Selby
1/1
Key staff are UK citizens or EEA residents

1/1
Most of crew UK citizens or EEA residents
Alex Garland, Geoff Barrow, Ben Sailsbury, Andrew Macdonald, Scott Rudin, Allon Reich, Mark Day, Tessa Ross, Sammy Sheldon, Francine Maisler
1/1

Total score: 28

The Avengers age of ultron score for culture



Film set in the UK or EEA
Set in America
0/4
Lead characters British or EEA residents
Iron man, Hulk, Captain America, Black Widdow, thor, Clint Barton, Loki (english), Nick Fury, Phil Coulson
4/4
Film based on British or EEA subject matter
Based on American Comics
0/4
Original Dialogue recorded mainly in English
Origional dialogue was recorded in english 
6/6
Demonstrates British heritage & diversity
doesnt demonstrate British Heritage
0/4
50% of principal photography/SFX in UK
The Avengers was filmed in, Mexico, New York, Ohio, Albuquerque, England, The avengers was filmed in diverse locations found in the UK including Shepperton Studios, Surrey's Royal Holloway College, Kent;s Dover Castle Tunnels and Surreys Bourne Wood. Production was supported by the UK's film-friendly infrastrucutre. The BFC also offered extensive location advise along with additional production support
2/2
50% of VFX in UK
The film was edited in America
0/2
Music/Recording production
 The film also took advantage of the UK's production talent who have extensive experience of working on major international features including; Ben Davis and Charles Wood who worked on 2014 blockbuster; Guardians of the Galaxy
0/2
Director is a UK citizen or EEA resident
Joss Whedon - American Screenwriter, film and television director
0/1
Scriptwriter is a UK citizen or EEA resident
Joss Whedon - American Screenwriter, film and television director
0/1
Producer is a UK citizen or EEA resident
Kevin Faige - American film producer and president of Marvel Studios
0/1
Composer is a UK citizen or EEA resident
Alan Silvestri - American composer and conductor who works primarily for film and television
0/1
Lead actors are UK citizens or EEA residents
Diana Rigg, Patrick Macnee, Linda Thorson, Honor Blackman, Ian Hendry, Patrick Newell, Ingrid Hafner, Julie Stevens, Arthur Hewlet
0/1
Majority of cast UK citizens or EEA residents
Diana Rigg, Patrick Macnee, Linda Thorson, Honor Blackman, Ian Hendry, Patrick Newell, Ingrid Hafner, Julie Stevens, Arthur Hewlet
0/1
Key staff are UK citizens or EEA residents
Diana Rigg, Patrick Macnee, Linda Thorson, Honor Blackman, Ian Hendry, Patrick Newell, Ingrid Hafner, Julie Stevens, Arthur Hewlet
0/1
Most of crew UK citizens or EEA residents
Joss Whedon, Kevin Faige, Alan Silverstri, 
0/1

Total Score: 12

 Star Wars The Force awakens score for Culture 


Film set in the UK or EEA
Star Wars was set in space
0/4
Lead characters British or EEA residents
Luke SkyWalker, Han Solo, Princess Leia, Kylo Ren, Chewbacca, C-3PO, R2-D2, 
4/4
Film based on British or EEA subject matter
Star wars is based on 
0/4
Original Dialogue recorded mainly in English
the Original Dialogue was recorded mainly in English 
6/6
Demonstrates British heritage & diversity
There is no British Heritage that is demonstrated
0/4
50% of principal photography/SFX in UK
Star wars was filmed in Tunisia and Britain
2/2
50% of VFX in UK
Editing was completed in England
2/2
Music/Recording production

0/2
Director is a UK citizen or EEA resident
JJ Abrams - American film director
0/1
Scriptwriter is a UK citizen or EEA resident
George Lucas - american Filmmaker
0/1
Producer is a UK citizen or EEA resident
Kathleen Kennedy - American film producer
0/1
Composer is a UK citizen or EEA resident
John Williams - American composer
0/1
Lead actors are UK citizens or EEA residents
Harrisson Ford, Mark Famil, Carrie Fisher, Adam Driver, Daisy Ridley, 
1/1
Majority of cast UK citizens or EEA residents
Harrisson Ford, Mark Famil, Carrie Fisher, Adam Driver, Daisy Ridley,
1/1
Key staff are UK citizens or EEA residents
JJ Abrams, George Lucas, Kathleen Kennedy, John Williams
1/1
Most of crew UK citizens or EEA residents
JJ Abrams, George Lucas, Kathleen Kennedy, John Williams
1/1

Main Score: 18

How do British films attract audiences? 
British made films can attract local or global audiences. Different factors can impact whether the audience is going to be Global or local. Pre-production and production of the film largely contribute to the audience that the film will be distributed to. The cast playing main characters in a film will affect what kind of audience is attracted to the film. Most often, accredited Hollywood actors will attract a Global audience as they are so well known wheras a local audience may be attracted if the cast are mostly from that area. For example, British people like to see British actors in British films because they can easily relate to them and it makes them feel proud of their country. The director of a film similarly helps to determine whether a Global or local audience is attracted. Similarly, well known accredited directors (e.g Steven Speilburg) will attract a larger Global audience whilst smaller more local directors (Ridley Scott) will attract a local audience. The idea and content of a film also contributes to the audience that it will attract. The idea may be something that people from a variety of cultures may understand or it may be something that people only from a specific culture will relate to.

Film Examples - Love actually and the Wolf of Wall Street
Love Actually is a British produced film that was made in 2003. The main characters were played by English actors (Colin Firth, Kiera Knightley, Joanna Paige, Emma Thompson, Bill Nighy, Liam Neeson, Andrew Lincoln, Martin Freeman) The film was directed by Richard Curtis who is an English screenwriter, director and producer. Love actually featured an idea that is easily relatable to British people and contained British Humour.
The Wolf of Wall Street is a 2013 film that was produced by American director, Martin Scorsese. The Wolf of Wall Street featured American actors who played the parts of the main characters. (Leonardo DiCaprio, Margott Robbie, Jonah Hill, Kyle Chandler, Joanna Lumley) The Wolf of Wall street proposed an idea that was set in Americas Wall Street.
The two films also had different audiences. Love actually attracted a local British audience due to the production being easily relatable for a British audience. The Wolf of Wall street attracted a Global audience because it featured Hollywood actors, a well known director and an idea that was understood by a variety of different cultures.

Why have a British film industry?  
I believe that there are multiple reasons for having a British film industry.
  • A Film industry within Britain promotes and shares British heritage and culture
  • The British film industry creates jobs therefore boosting the economy
  • having a British film industry (media) allows Britain to build bridges with other countries as British films can be distributed in other countries
  • The British film industry generates money